Adoption is a meaningful way to grow a family, but the process can vary depending on the type of adoption chosen. Understanding the options available can help people prepare for the steps ahead.
Below are some key points to consider.
Private domestic adoption
Private domestic adoption involves adopting a child from within the United States through a private agency or direct arrangement with the birth parents. This type of adoption often includes infants and allows for varying levels of openness between the birth and adoptive families. Open adoptions may include visits or regular updates, while closed adoptions involve no contact or shared information.
Foster care adoption
Foster care adoption involves children who are already in the child welfare system. These children may have been removed from their biological families due to abuse, neglect or other safety concerns. Foster care adoption is typically less expensive than private adoption and often provides financial assistance. Many children in foster care are older or part of a sibling group.
International adoption
International adoption means adopting a child from another country. This process can be complex and involves meeting both U.S. immigration rules and the adoption laws of the child’s home country. Travel is often required, and timelines can vary widely. Some countries have stricter eligibility requirements than others.
Stepparent and relative adoption
Stepparent and relative adoptions happen when a family member adopts a child they already have a close relationship with. In many cases, this occurs after a biological parent is no longer involved. These adoptions may be more straightforward, but still require a legal process.
Each type of adoption comes with its own steps, requirements and emotional considerations. Learning about the differences is a good first step in exploring what might be right for your family.